Decimal Adjust AL After Addition

Encoding

Description

The DAA instruction converts the result of an addition of two (packed) BCD digits to a valid 2-digit BCD number.

An "packed" BCD number is one where each byte contains two digits – one in each nibble. In contrast, an unpacked BCD number is one where each byte contains a single digit. The AAA (ASCII Adjust AL After Addition) instruction handles that case.

This instruction is not valid in Long Mode.

Operation

public void DAA()
{
    byte oldAL = AL;
    bool oldCF = EFLAGS.CF; // CF could be set in the ones place adjustment

    // adjust ones place
    if ((AL & 0xF) > 9 || EFLAGS.AF)
        AL += 6;

    // adjust tens place
    if (oldAL > 0x99 || oldCF)
        AL += 0x60;
}

Example

mov al, 0x79 ; 79 (decimal) in packed BCD
add al, 0x35 ; AL == 0xAE
daa          ; AL == 0x14 with carry set (giving 0x114)

Flags Affected

CF (carry flag)

Set if an adjustment results in a decimal carry in either digit. Cleared otherwise.

PF (parity flag)

Set according to the result.

AF (auxiliary flag)

Set if an adjustment results in a decimal carry in either digit. Cleared otherwise.

ZF (zero flag)

Set according to the result.

SF (sign flag)

Set according to the result.

OF (overflow flag)

Undefined.

Exceptions

Real-Address Mode

Virtual-8086 Mode

Protected Mode

Compatibility Mode

Long Mode